A recent study from Chalmers University of Technology in Sweden has raised concerns about the European Union's regulations on synthetic aviation fuels, suggesting they could lead to more costly and energy-intensive production methods. The study highlights that EU rules favour production pathways that may not be the most resource-efficient, potentially complicating efforts to meet climate targets.

The EU has mandated a gradual increase in the use of sustainable aviation fuel, aiming for a 70% blend by 2050, with half being Renewable Fuel of Non-Biological Origin (RFNBO). However, the study indicates that these rules favour combustion-based methods over more efficient gasification processes. According to Johanna Beiron, a researcher at Chalmers, the gasification pathway offers up to 46% lower production costs and 30% less electricity demand compared to combustion-based alternatives.

Henrik Thunman, Professor of Energy Technology at Chalmers, warns that current regulations could lock the industry into less efficient production methods. "Regulations influence not only industry’s investments in technology, but also which research and development priorities are pursued," he stated.

The study suggests that the EU's regulatory framework may inadvertently increase demand for biomass-derived carbon dioxide, rather than reducing reliance on biomass. This could lead to inefficient use of limited resources, contradicting the EU's broader goals for resource efficiency and climate targets.

The researchers advocate for regulatory adjustments to better align with energy efficiency principles and support the EU's long-term sustainability goals

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